", "Rumble in the jungle with Amazon's killer piranha", "Piranha meat could take a bite out of what ails you", How to maintain healthy piranha in the home aquarium, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Piranha&oldid=989002741, Short description is different from Wikidata, Wikipedia indefinitely semi-protected pages, Wikipedia indefinitely move-protected pages, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 16 November 2020, at 14:17. Generally, a group of red-bellied piranhas spreads out to look for prey. [6], Piranhas can be bought as pets in some areas, but they are illegal in many parts of the United States, and in the Philippines, where importers face six months to four years in jail, and the piranhas destroyed to prevent proliferation in the latter.[23][24]. Although often described as extremely predatory and mainly feeding on fish, their dietary habits vary extensively, and they will also take plant material, … The variation in the number of cusps is minor. For other uses, see. [33] In 2012, a five-year-old Brazilian girl was attacked and killed by a shoal of P. [34] In February 2015, a six-year-old girl died after being attacked by piranhas when her grandmother's boat capsized during a vacation in Brazil. La piraña abarca una gran variedad de peces omnívoros o carnívoros de agua dulce que viven en ríos de América del Sur. Most species of piranha never grow larger than 60 cm (2 feet) long. [19], Piranha teeth are often used as tools themselves (such as for carving wood or cutting hair) or to modify other tools (such as sharpening of darts). [40][41], Roosevelt later described piranhas as vicious creatures in his 1914 book Through the Brazilian Wilderness. Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. Still other classifications include additional genera, such as Catoprion, or exclude Pristobrycon because that group is not considered by all ichthyologists to be monophyletic—that is, descended from a single common ancestor. Pygocentrus Test your knowledge. Piranhas range from northern Argentina to Colombia, but they are most diverse in the Amazon River, where 20 different species are found. (2018). [32] On 25 December 2013, more than 70 bathers were attacked at Rosario in Argentina, causing injuries to their hands or feet. [27] In 2011, a drunk 18-year-old man was attacked and killed in Rosario del Yata, Bolivia. A few can grow larger, with the largest living species, the red-bellied, reaching up to 50 cm (20 in). Research is being carried out to establish how piranhas have moved to such distant corners of the world from their original habitat. This article was most recently revised and updated by, https://www.britannica.com/animal/piranha-fish, piranha - Children's Encyclopedia (Ages 8-11), piranha - Student Encyclopedia (Ages 11 and up). [4] In addition to fish (occasionally even their own species[17]), documented food items for piranhas include other vertebrates (mammals, birds, reptiles), invertebrates (insects, crustaceans), fruits, seeds, leaves and detritus. [6] Traditionally, only the four genera Pristobrycon, Pygocentrus, Pygopristis, and Serrasalmus are considered to be true piranhas, due to their specialized teeth. Pygopristis was found to be more closely related to Catoprion than the other three piranha genera. Los diccionarios portugueses dicen que piraña viene del tupí piraya, en que pirá es pez y aya diente. Especially during low water, this species, which can grow up to 50 cm (about 20 inches) in length, hunts in groups that can number more than 100. [16] A few other species may also occur in large groups, while the remaining are solitary or found in small groups. The most infamous is the red-bellied piranha (Pygocentrus nattereri), with the strongest jaws and sharpest teeth of all. Although often described as extremely predatory and mainly feeding on fish, their dietary habits vary extensively, and they will also take plant material,[3] leading to their classification as omnivorous. Although piranhas are attracted to the smell of blood, most species scavenge more than they kill. By signing up for this email, you are agreeing to news, offers, and information from Encyclopaedia Britannica. Serrasalmus, Pristobrycon, Pygocentrus, and Pygopristis are most easily recognized by their unique dentition. The teeth are tightly packed and interlocking (via small cusps) and are used for rapid puncture and shearing. nattereri. [3] The diet often shifts with age and size. Take this quiz. [26] Being in the water when already injured or otherwise incapacitated also increases the risk. [3][25] However, attacks have occurred, especially when the piranhas are in a stressed situation, such as the dense groups that may occur when the water is lower during the dry season and food is relatively scarce. They are often considered a nuisance by fishers since they steal bait, eat catches, damage fishing gear and may bite when accidentally caught. When located, the attacking scout signals the others. [17], Piranhas lay their eggs in pits dug during the breeding season and swim around to protect them. - Gracias: Helena. Red-bellied piranhas prefer prey that is only slightly larger than themselves or smaller. In movies such as Piranha (1978), the piranha has been depicted as a ravenous indiscriminate killer. [3] Piranhas, especially the red-bellied (Pygocentrus nattereri), have a reputation as ferocious predators that hunt their prey in schools. brandtii and Pygocentrus nattereri in Viana Lake in Maranhão, which is formed during the wet season when the Pindaré River (a tributary of the Mearim River) floods, has shown that they primarily feed on fish, but also eat vegetable matter. Which fish is known as a living fossil? In a review where 38–39 piranha species were recognized, 25 were from the Amazon and 16 from Orinoco, while only 3 were present in Paraguay–Paraná and 2 in São Francisco.
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