When the oil or gas is even deeper, from 1500 up to 4900 feet, a compliant tower may be used. We have all the necessary handling equipment and heavy lift cranes to get BIG heavy fab projects done. Unlike the fixed platform, the compliant tower withstands large lateral forces by sustaining significant lateral deflections, and is usually used in water depths between 1,000 and 2,000 feet. Both of these platforms have different designs: Jolliet is a tension-leg platform and Baldpate is a compliant tower.We were very excited to see Lophelia growing on both structures. A tension-leg platform (TLP) or extended tension leg platform (ETLP') is a vertically moored floating structure normally used for the offshore production of oil or gas, and is particularly suited for water depths greater than 300 metres and less than 1500 metres. Alternative designs have been developed for various configurations of "compliant platforms", e.g., tension leg, compliant tower, and articulated tower platforms as well as floating production systems, which can provide drilling and production facilities in deepwater at costs less than those of traditional fixed platforms. Compliant towers can be utilized in waters up to 2,750ft deep. . MTLP- Mini Tension Leg Platform. Compliant tower oil platforms are built in a "U" shape and are attached to the sea floor by tendons. 1.1 Introduction 1. The articulated tower is considered as amplification of tension leg platform. 1(e) ], the buoyant force of the submerged pontoons exceeds the structure's total gravity or deadweight loading. Tension Leg Platform (TLP) consists of a floating structure held in place by vertical, tensioned tendons connected to the sea floor by pile-secured templates. Tension-Leg Platform also known as TLP is a platform that consist of . A TLP is a 4-column design whereas each column is moored permanently to the seabed by tethers or tendons. They are intended to flex and sway with the wind and waves. As offshore oil production moves into deeper water, compliant structural systems are becoming increasingly important. #1 and #2 are conventional fixed platforms anchored to the seabed; #3 is a compliant tower; #4 and #5 are vertically moored tension leg and mini-tension leg platforms (#4 represents the design of the ConocoPhillips' Magnolia . It is one of the world's tallest structures. The main advantage of a compliant tower is its well system is virtually identical with that of a conventional fixed platform. Use of tension-leg platforms Tension Leg Platform (TLP) Tension Leg Platform (TLP) - TLPs berupa fasilitas apung yang diikiatkan dengan seabed oleh tethers. Semi FPSO . The tension leg platform (TLP) can be economically competitive with the compliant tower for water depths between 300 and 1200 m. In this structure [Fig. Compliant towers. They are almost similar to fixed platforms. The platform is floated . 1.5.1 Active Control Algorithm 25. TLP tension-leg platform TVD total vertical depth TX Texas U.S. United States U.S.C. This illustration shows several types of offshore oil and gas structures. Terms Related to Platform rig. Fixed Platforms: Compliant Towers 8 A compliant tower is similar to a traditional jacket platform and extends from surface to the sea bottom, and it is fairly transparent to waves. Compliant platform rigs, which are used in deeper waters and yield to water and wind movements are the guyed-tower platform and the tension-leg platform. The platform consists of a floating rig, much like the semi-submersible type discussed above. economically feasible for installation in water depths up to about 1,700 feet. Compliant Platform Using rigid platform in water much over 1000 feet depth is not practical - very much expensive to build. The rig consists of narrow, flexible (compliant) towers and a piled foundation supporting a 15 - Wood Group Mustang Deepwater Systems Global Distribution . They are most often Intelligent Multilateral Well Completions, & Down hole Artificial Lift and Process Systems. Jackup Drillship Caisson Tension leg platform Gorilla Jackup Platform rig Well Protector Compliant tower Semisubmersible Submersible Fixed platform Guyed tower DP Semisubmersible Other (Attach Description Subsea manifold Floating production system Drilling Rig Name (if known): Spar Other (Attach Description) . List of Figures ix List of Tables xiii Foreword by Professor Purnendu K. Das xv Foreword by Dr. Atmanand N.D. xvii Series Preface xix Preface xxi 1 Common Compliant Platforms 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Tension Leg Platforms 8 1.3 Guyed Tower and Articulated Tower 19 1.4 Floating Structures 21 1.5 Response Control Strategies 24 1.5.1 Active Control Algorithm 25 1.5.2 Semi-Active Control Algorithm . A compliant tower (Figure 5d) is constructed similar as a fixed platform. Tension-leg platforms are vertically-moored floating structures normally used for the offshore production of oil or gas, and are particularly suited for water depths greater than 300 m (about 1,000 feet). The multi-deck topsides are 64 m x 43 m x 18.3 m high and hold 21 well slots. off deepwater platforms Tension-leg platforms Compliant towers Spars World-wide experience with deepwater development drilling West Seno TLP, Indonesia (1,100 m) Kikeh Spar, Malaysia (1,300 m) Tombua-Landana Compliant Tower, Angola (300 m) Hess Okume/Ebano TLP and Oveng TLP, Equatorial Guinea (500 m) Deepwater drilling capabilities Unlike the fixed platform, the compliant tower withstands large lateral forces by sustaining significant lateral deflections, and is usually used in water depths between 1,000 and 2,000 feet (305 and 610 meters). Results from the guyed tower example indicate that a decoupled analysis yields conservative peak guy tension and deck displacement values. Types of rigid platforms include the steel jacket platform, the concrete gravity platform, and the caisson-type platform. Jackup Drillship Caisson Tension leg platform Gorilla Jackup Platform rig Well Protector Compliant tower Semisubmersible Submersible Fixed platform Guyed tower DP Semisubmersible Other (Attach Description Subsea manifold Floating production system Drilling Rig Name (if known): Spar Other (Attach Description) . Fixed Platform. Leg Platform . Decommissioning Methodology and Cost Evaluation BPA No. Types of compliant platforms include the guyed tower, the tension leg platform, and the spar. Can support large deck loads. Tension . Tension leg platform (TLP) A vertically moored floating structure normally used for the offshore : production of oil or gas, and is particularly suited for water depths greater than 300 metres and less than 1500 metres. Rigid platforms are the oldest design in offshore platforms. Tension-leg platform. The U.S. Department of Energy's Office of Scientific and Technical Information 1 Common Compliant Platforms 1. Compliant Tower Platforms, Tension Leg Platforms (TLP) & Turret and Mooring Systems. Spar Subsea Infrastructure . 1. It is one of the world's tallest structures. The first tower emerged in the early 1980s Main article: . Concrete gravity platform rig. As such, it presents fewer fabrication constraints and more opportunities for economy. The jacket of a compliant tower has smaller dimensions than those of a fixed platform. Floating Production, Storage and Offloading (FPSO) Tension Leg Platform (TLP) SPAR. • A compliant piled tower design, was the tallest free-standing structure in the world, until surpassed by the Burj Dubai in 2008, although this claim is disputed since only 75 meters of the platform are above water. A rigid offshore drilling platform built of steel-reinforced concrete and used to drill development wells. Compliant tower. 1.5.5 Metallic Yield . Very stable. JACK-UP PLATFORM . Sometimes included in the floating platform group, tension leg platforms, or TLPs, are buoyant platforms kept stable by high-tension moorings, or tendons. A lower hull is filled . In deep water, most companies use compliant platform, which contain fewer steel parts and are lighter than rigid steel- jacket. These systems were devised in response to the demand for operating capabilities in deepwater but some have features which permit reduced cost or early . The Petronius Platform is a compliant tower in the Gulf of Mexico, which stands 2,000 feet (610 m) above the ocean floor. Unlike the fixed platform, the compliant tower withstands large lateral forces by sustaining significant lateral deflections, and is usually used in water depths between 1,000 and 2,000 feet. These structures are made of concrete and steel and are tall and narrow. Structures. [9] The Hibernia platform is the world's largest (in terms of weight) offshore platform, located on the Jeanne D'Arc basin, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland. Guyed tower is an extension of compliant tower with guy wires tied to the seabed by means of anchors or piles. Drilling can be carried out with a conventional platform rig equipped . 1.4 Floating Structures 21. It consists of a narrow tower, mounted to a foundation on the seabed extended up to the platform. Compliant Tower . Tension-Leg Platforms. Tension leg platform is similar to sea star platform. Tower platforms are narrow rigs with a flexible tower below the deck, extending all the way down to the sea floor. The tower is connected to its base by a universal joint that allows the tower to move in all directions. FE&D is a leader in all aspects of structural engineering for onshore, offshore, platforms, units, vessels, and components. United States Codes USCG United States Coast Guard USDOE United States Department of Energy USDOI United States Department of the Interior VK Viosca Knoll VR Vermilion VLA vertically-loaded anchor WATS wide-azimuth towed streamer WAZ wide-azimuth The only difference is that the amount of concrete that is used in constructing the platform is much less, this is done by making the structure narrower. 2.5. This Floating production facilities . The offshore compliant tower is flexible, as opposed to the relatively rigid legs of a fixed platform. The Sea Star or floating mini tension leg structure is suitable for smaller reservoirs and operates in water depths up to 3,500 feet. The compliant tower (CT) is a narrow, flexible tower that can operate in water depths of up to 3,000 feet. Unlike fixed platforms, compliant towers yield to the water and wind movements in a manner similar to floating structures. Kekakuan vertikal membantu untuk memudahkan operasi sumur produksi, perilaku horisontal membuat platform sensitif terhadap efek utama dari gelombang. Compliant Tower A compliant tower is a flexible structure with flex elements (principally flexible legs or axial tubes) to control mass and stiffness characteristics so as to mitigate the effects of periodic wind, wave and current forces. Tension-Leg Platforms. But unlike in sea star . 4 . 7.Tension-leg Platforms 8.Seastars platforms 9.Spar Platforms COMPLIANT PILED TOWER: A compliant piled tower (CPT) is a fixed rig structure normally used for the offshore production of oil or gas. 1.4.3 Tension Leg Platforms A Tension-leg platform is a vertically moored °oating structure normally used for the ofishore production of oil or gas, and is particularly suited for water depths around 1000m to 1200 metres (about 4000 ft). A tension-leg platform (TLP) is . 1.3 Guyed Tower and Articulated Tower 19. Semi-submersible (Semi) . Tension Leg Platform (TLP) consists of a floating structure held in place by vertical, tensioned tendons connected to the sea floor by pile-secured templates. However, unlikely jacket plkatforms, a compliant tower is designed to flex with the forces of waves, wind and currents . FIXED- Fixed Leg Platform (see below for full description) FPSO- Floating production, storage, and offloading. Ekofisk was Norway's first producing field and is also one of the largest on the Norwegian continental shelf. A second type of compliant structure, the tension leg platform, uses buoyancy to provide a restoring force to resist the platform's lateral displacement. rigid platforms and compliant platforms. 1.5.2 Semi-Active Control Algorithm 25. It is made to drill at a depths of 1500-3000 feet. 3 illustrates the TLP concept. Use of tension-leg platforms has also been proposed for wind turbines. 1.5.4 Friction Dampers 27. Unlike fixed platforms, the support structure (tower) that supports the platform is narrower and allows for some flexibility. Several types of compliant structures have been proposed and placed in service, including catenary-moored floating vessels, articulated columns, a guyed tower, and a tension leg platform. 1, 2) Giàn khoan cố định truyền thống; 3) Compliant tower; 4, 5) vertically moored tension leg and mini-tension leg platform; 6) Spar; 7,8) bán tiềm thủy; 9) Hệ thống chứa nổi; 10) Hệ thống cụm giếng ngầm kết nối với giàn cố định. 2.1 Fixed platforms o 2.2 Compliant towers o 2.3 Semi-submersible platform o 2.4 Jack-up drilling rigs o 2.5 Drillships o 2.6 Floating production systems o 2.7 Tension-leg platform o 2.8 Gravity-based structure o 2.9 Spar platforms o 2.10 Normally unmanned installations (NUI) o 2.11 Conductor support systems 3 Particularly large examples 4 . E13PA00010 Call Order No. Tension-Leg Platforms A tension-leg platform is a vertically moored floating structure normally . For example, when comparing footprints, existing deepwater structures for depths of 1,290 ft and 1,350 ft have base widths exceeding 400 ft. Figure 4. Tension-leg platforms . Compliant Tower (CT) Tension Leg Platform (TLP) Mini-Tension Leg Platform (Mini-TLP) SPAR Platform (SPAR) Floating Production System (FPS) Subsea System (SS) Floating Production, Storage & Offloading System (FPSO) We have highly experienced for Offshore Platform Supervision: The tension leg platform (TLP) can be economically competitive with the compliant tower for water depths between 300 and 1200 m. In this structure [ Fig. Despite its flexibility, the compliant tower system is strong enough to withstand hurricane conditions. . Compliant Towers (Tower platforms) Compliant towers are similar to fixed platforms in that they have a steel tubular jacket that is used to support the surface facilities. The deck of the tension leg platform is situated on a large buoyant hull which is secured to a foundation at the ocean bottom by a set of vertical tethers. SEMI- Semi Submersible (Column Stabilized Unit) Floating Production System. Compliant towers can be constructed using techniques that have evolved for steel-jacket structures. Tension Leg Platform Consist of a jacket. SPAR- SPAR Platform - floating production system. E14PB00056 Prepared for U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement . A guyed tower, and a tension leg platform are popular compliant struc- Compliant tower concepts . We began our work in the western Gulf, where we visited the Baldpate and Jolliet platforms. Tension leg platforms are larger versions of . CT- Compliant tower. The jacket of a compliant tower has smaller dimensions than those of a fixed platform. [9] The Hibernia platform is the world's largest (in terms of weight) offshore platform, located on the Jeanne D'Arc basin, in the Atlantic Ocean off the coast of Newfoundland. 1.2 Tension Leg Platforms 8. The Petronius Platform is a compliant tower in the Gulf of Mexico, which stands 2,000 feet (610 m) above the ocean floor. Tension Leg Platform adalah jenis struktur terpancang seperti jacket steel structure dan gravity base structurehanya mampu digunakan dalam batas kedalaman sedang, yaitu hingga sekitar 400 m. Demikian juga dengan beberapa struktur turunannya, yaitu yang berada dalam kategoribottom-supported compliant structures seperti jenis Articulated dan Guyed Towers, hanya bisa diaplikasikan pada perairan . Seastar platforms Seastar platforms are like miniature tension leg platforms. . energy. The compliant base isolates the base of the platform from the motion of the sea floor, which allows it to move freely up and down with the motion of the sea floor. wells, fixed platforms, compliant towers, spars, tension leg platforms, and floating production, storage and offloading systems (FPSO's). The central column is surrounded by peripheral stability buoyant columns symmetrically arranged and typically in number from about 3 to 8. Various designs can be used for drilling, production management, crude storage and offloading. HUNTER offers a full line of A60, 8 PSI-rated modular blast-resistant buildings for accommodating offshore workers on all kinds of oil platforms, drilling rigs, and vessels including: Fixed Platforms (FP) Compliant Towers (CT) Mini-Tension Leg Platform (Mini-TLP) or Sea Star; Floating Production Systems (FPS) Tension Leg Platforms (TLP) Guyed towers . JACK-UP PLATFORM . It is one of the world's tallest structures. The Petronius Platform is a compliant tower in the Gulf of Mexico modeled after the Hess Baldpate platform, which stands 2,000 feet (610 m) above the ocean floor. The guy ropes minimize the lateral displacement of the platform topsides. A detailed design has been performed for 3000 foot water depth and compared with conventional . The compliant tower is a more slender, less complex structure than is a conventional deepwater fixed platform. Compliant structure concepts may be classified in one of four categories: Articulated towers . Petronius - Compliant Tower Platform: Obviously, the compliant tower platform are designed for water depth more than jacket platform which are normally up to 600 metres. However the phase and form of the guy ten- Compliant tower concepts . Deck on top providing space for crew quarters, production facilities and drilling rig. Taut, vertical tethers extending from the columns and moored to the foundation . Compliant tower. Compliant tower (CT) The rig consists of narrow, flexible (compliant) towers and a piled : . Floating production facilities . This covers concept design, FEED, detail design, analysis, verification, classification, regulatory coordination, special problem solving, structural integrity management, strengthening and repair, life . • The seabed is 535 m (1,754 ft) below the . MOPU- Mobile Production Unit. Abstract. - Karakteristik ini membuat struktur kaku dalam arah vertikal dan fleksibel pada bidang horisontal. A Mini-Tension Leg Platform (Mini-TLP) or Sea Star (SStar) is a floating mini-tension leg platform of relatively low cost developed . Types of Off shore Oil Platforms Shallow Water Complex. A tension leg platform is vertically moored by a tendon at each corner of the Tension leg platforms (TLP) Fig. Compliant towers are designed to sustain significant lateral deflections and forces, and are typically used in water depths ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 ft. 3. The Tension Riser Compliant Tower (TRCT)is a new concept in deepwater compliant towers which utilizes top-tensioned production risers instead of conventional laterally-supported drivepipes to provide individual well communication to the surface. 1) conventional fixed platform; 2) compliant tower; 3, 4) mini-tension leg and tension leg platform; 5) Semi-Floating Production Platform; 6) Truss Spar; 7) Classis Spar; 8) Control Buoy; 9) Floating Production System and Subsea Tie-back Common types of production facilities - each with unique type of risers This further changes the dynamic characteristics of the system. A Tension Leg Platform (TLP) is a buoyant platform held in place by a mooring . Tension Leg Platform (TLP) Up to 3000 feet, they attach firmly to the sea bed, but, for greater depths, a tension leg platform . STS Clad offer the following services and products mainly but not limited to: 16 - Wood Group Mustang Spar . Tension-leg platforms . Natural periods are usually greater than 25 sec so they are generally well outside wave periods. While the structures were different, we observed similar distributions of Lophelia at both locations. The concepts differ mainly in the means by which the loadings are transmitted to the seabed and in the form of the anchorage to the sea floor. It is one of the world's tallest structures. The Petronius Platform is a compliant tower in the Gulf of Mexico modeled after the Hess Baldpate platform, which stands 2,000 feet (610 m) above the ocean floor. off deepwater platforms Tension-leg platforms Compliant towers Spars World-wide experience with deepwater development drilling West Seno TLP, Indonesia (1,100 m) Kikeh Spar, Malaysia (1,300 m) Tombua-Landana Compliant Tower, Angola (300 m) Hess Okume/Ebano TLP and Oveng TLP, Equatorial Guinea (500 m) Deepwater drilling capabilities It is one of the world's tallest structures. Guyed towers . A two-piece construction and installation can be adopted, as was used for the Petronius platform installation. Compliant towers are designed to sustain significant lateral deflections and forces, and are typically used in water depths ranging from 1,500 to 3,000 ft. 3. 5.14). 1.5.3 Passive Control Algorithm 26. . A biasing system pushes the vessel and platform into abutment across the first and second pads and the system allows the vessel to dock to . Compliant Towers. nique and to demonstrate its use on three types of compliant ocean structures: 1) the articulated tower, 2) the guyed tower, and 3) the tension leg platform. Tension Leg Platform - Variants and Differentiators . Tension leg platforms—These type of platforms, known as TLPs, may also be noted as a subcategory of compliant towers as they can move horizontally (see Fig. Tension-leg platform. A single leg tension leg platform is a semi-submersible structure moored at a deep water site by hybrid mooring consisting of a single tension leg or cluster of tendons attached to a central column and, optionally, a conventional spread mooring system. 1.5 Response Control Strategies 24. The difference with jacket is that it has more narrowed frame support structure by a piled foundation. Guyed-tower platform and tension -leg platform. A tether is a vertical steel tube. In order to alleviate the problem of platform sensitivity to wave action alternative platform concepts have been developed, which take advantage of the effect of compliance, i.e., yielding to the wave action. These moorings link the hull to a template affixed to . Floating Production. The platform is permanently moored by means of tethers or tendons grouped at each of the structure's . Main article: . pressure exerted on it by the wind and sea. The platform is permanently moored by means of tethers or tendons grouped at each of the structure's corners. E13PA00010 Call Order No. A bumper system is disclosed for docking an auxiliary drilling vessel to a compliant platform through first and second pads having vertically extending, complementary outboard faces presented from the respective structures in vertically slidable abutment. The topsides equipment and facilities are not dissimilar to those . Compliant structure concepts may be classified in one of four categories: Articulated towers . The Petronius Platform is a compliant tower in the Gulf of Mexico modeled after the Hess Baldpate platform, which stands 2,000 feet (610 m) above the ocean floor. E14PB00056 Prepared for U.S. Department of the Interior Bureau of Safety and Environmental Enforcement An articulated tower includes a ballast chamber near the bottom, a buoyancy chamber near the surface of the water, and a shaft that connects them as shown in Figure 1. Subsea Production Systems. A Tension Leg Platform (TLP) is a buoyant platform held in place by a mooring . Tension-leg platform. 1(e)], the buoyant force of the submerged pontoons exceeds the structure's total gravity or deadweight loading. 1) & 2) Conventional fixed platforms; 3) Compliant tower; 4) & 5) Vertically moored tension leg and mini-tension leg platform; 6) Spar; 7) & 8) Semi-submersibles; 9) Floating production, storage, and offloading facility; 10) Sub-sea completion and tie-back to host facility Compliant Towers. Examples of this type of structure are tension leg platforms (TLP's), guyed tower platforms, compliant tower platforms, and floating production systems. This flexibility enables the platform to handle the stronger forces found in deeper water. Compliant Towers. The concepts differ mainly in the means by which the loadings are transmitted to the seabed and in the form of the anchorage to the sea floor. 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